Grammar

Terms Glossary

Cases (Przypadki)

Tenses (Czasy)

Verbs (Czasowniki)

Nouns (Rzeczowniki)

Adjectives (Przymiotniki)

Pronouns (Zaimki)

Locative Case (Miejscownik) - Masculine Singular Nouns

Masculine singular nouns in Locative Case take the following endings

Endings

softening

Practice in Noun Declinator

The

softening

symbol indicates that this ending requires softening of the stem. For more information see the article on softening .

Some nouns may have irregularities in their stem when adding an ending.

Orthography rule

The -'e ending usage

Use the

softening

ending for nouns whose stems end with a hard consonant, except k, g and ch/h. To apply this ending firstly soften the hard consonant and then add the ending.

List of hard and soft consonants

How to soften the stem?

Example

Let's try to decline the noun pies (dog) step by step in Locative Singular Case. This noun has the mobile -ie- irregularity.

pies	Get the stem of the noun. The stem of a noun is the root of the noun, without the ending. In our case the stem is the same as the noun.
pies - ie remove = ps	Apply the irregularity to the stem. You can learn more about irregularities in this article.
ps + s ➜ si soften = p si	Soften the hard consonant from the stem.
p si + e ending = p si e	Add the ending to the stem.

A couple more examples:

telefon

noun

softening

telefon

take stem

n ➜ ni

soften

attach

telefo

telefonie

Locative Singular

lew

noun

softening

lew

take stem

remove

w ➜ wi

soften

attach

lwie

Locative Singular

samochód

noun

softening

samochód

take stem

ó ➜ o

replace

d ➜ dzi

soften

attach

samoch

dzi

samochodzie

Locative Singular

stół

noun

softening

stół

take stem

ó ➜ o

replace

ł ➜ l

soften

attach

stole

Locative Singular

Examples

Masculine Singular Nominative Case	Masculine Singular Locative Case	English
telefon	telefonie	a phone
pies	psie	a dog
lew	lwie	a lion
samochód	samochodzie	a car
stół	stole	a table
las	lesie *Note that there is an a ➜ e replacement. It is an uncommon irregularity.	a forest
dom	domu *Note that the stem ends with a hard consonant m but the u ending is used. This noun is an exception.	a house

The -u ending usage

Use the

ending for nouns whose stems end with a soft consonant or k, g or ch/h

List of hard and soft consonants

Example

Let's try to decline the noun pień (tree trunk) step by step in Locative Singular Case. This noun has the mobile -ie- irregularity.

pień	Get the stem of the noun. The stem of a noun is the root of the noun, without the ending. In our case the stem is the same as the noun.
pień - ie remove = pń	Apply the irregularity to the stem. You can learn more about irregularities in this article.
pń + ń ➜ ni replace + u = p ni u	Add the ending to the stem. Note that we also must replace ń ➜ ni replace when applying the ending. This is required by ortography rule: it is forbidden to use diacritical sign if there is a vowel after it.

A couple more examples:

ogrodnik

noun

ogrodnik

take stem

attach

ogrodnik

ogrodniku

Locative Singular

bóg

noun

bóg

take stem

ó ➜ o

replace

attach

bogu

Locative Singular

budynek

noun

budynek

take stem

remove

attach

budynk

budynku

Locative Singular

mąż

noun

mąż

take stem

ą ➜ ę

replace

attach

mężu

Locative Singular

Examples

Masculine Singular Nominative Case	Masculine Singular Locative Case	English
ogrodnik	ogrodniku	a gardener
pracownik	pracowniku	a worker
słoń	słoniu	an elephant
strach	strachu	fear
bóg	bogu	a god
budynek	budynku	a building
mąż	mężu	a husband
pień	pniu	a tree trunk

Practice in Noun Declinator

Hi, I'm Jarek

I like learning foreign languages. I've created this website for people like me, who enjoy learning new languages 🙂 I hope my work helped you learn Polish! If you spot a mistake or have a suggestion, I'd love to hear from you.

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Cases - Noun Declension

You can support my website and my Youtube Channel by buying my grammar book on Amazon. In that book I have clearly explained, how to create different forms of noun depending on the case, number, and gender.

After reading this book you will be able to decline any noun in the Polish language. This book also contains exercises with answers, which will help you practice what you learn.

Paperback

E-book

Locative Case (Miejscownik) - Nouns Endings

Locative Case (Miejscownik) - Feminine Singular Nouns

Locative Case (Miejscownik) - Masculine Singular Nouns

Masculine singular nouns in Locative Case take the following endings

Endings

softening

Practice in Noun Declinator

The

softening

symbol indicates that this ending requires softening of the stem. For more information see the article on softening .

Some nouns may have irregularities in their stem when adding an ending.

Orthography rule

The -'e ending usage

Use the

softening

ending for nouns whose stems end with a hard consonant, except k, g and ch/h. To apply this ending firstly soften the hard consonant and then add the ending.

List of hard and soft consonants

How to soften the stem?

Example

Let's try to decline the noun pies (dog) step by step in Locative Singular Case. This noun has the mobile -ie- irregularity.

pies	Get the stem of the noun. The stem of a noun is the root of the noun, without the ending. In our case the stem is the same as the noun.
pies - ie remove = ps	Apply the irregularity to the stem. You can learn more about irregularities in this article.
ps + s ➜ si soften = p si	Soften the hard consonant from the stem.
p si + e ending = p si e	Add the ending to the stem.

A couple more examples:

telefon

noun

softening

telefon

take stem

n ➜ ni

soften

attach

telefo

telefonie

Locative Singular

lew

noun

softening

lew

take stem

remove

w ➜ wi

soften

attach

lwie

Locative Singular

samochód

noun

softening

samochód

take stem

ó ➜ o

replace

d ➜ dzi

soften

attach

samoch

dzi

samochodzie

Locative Singular

stół

noun

softening

stół

take stem

ó ➜ o

replace

ł ➜ l

soften

attach

stole

Locative Singular

Examples

Masculine Singular Nominative Case	Masculine Singular Locative Case	English
telefon	telefonie	a phone
pies	psie	a dog
lew	lwie	a lion
samochód	samochodzie	a car
stół	stole	a table
las	lesie *Note that there is an a ➜ e replacement. It is an uncommon irregularity.	a forest
dom	domu *Note that the stem ends with a hard consonant m but the u ending is used. This noun is an exception.	a house

The -u ending usage

Use the

ending for nouns whose stems end with a soft consonant or k, g or ch/h

List of hard and soft consonants

Example

Let's try to decline the noun pień (tree trunk) step by step in Locative Singular Case. This noun has the mobile -ie- irregularity.

pień	Get the stem of the noun. The stem of a noun is the root of the noun, without the ending. In our case the stem is the same as the noun.
pień - ie remove = pń	Apply the irregularity to the stem. You can learn more about irregularities in this article.
pń + ń ➜ ni replace + u = p ni u	Add the ending to the stem. Note that we also must replace ń ➜ ni replace when applying the ending. This is required by ortography rule: it is forbidden to use diacritical sign if there is a vowel after it.

A couple more examples:

ogrodnik

noun

ogrodnik

take stem

attach

ogrodnik

ogrodniku

Locative Singular

bóg

noun

bóg

take stem

ó ➜ o

replace

attach

bogu

Locative Singular

budynek

noun

budynek

take stem

remove

attach

budynk

budynku

Locative Singular

mąż

noun

mąż

take stem

ą ➜ ę

replace

attach

mężu

Locative Singular

Examples

Masculine Singular Nominative Case	Masculine Singular Locative Case	English
ogrodnik	ogrodniku	a gardener
pracownik	pracowniku	a worker
słoń	słoniu	an elephant
strach	strachu	fear
bóg	bogu	a god
budynek	budynku	a building
mąż	mężu	a husband
pień	pniu	a tree trunk

Practice in Noun Declinator

Hi, I'm Jarek

Drop me a message

Cases - Noun Declension

After reading this book you will be able to decline any noun in the Polish language. This book also contains exercises with answers, which will help you practice what you learn.

Paperback

E-book

Locative Case (Miejscownik) - Nouns Endings

Locative Case (Miejscownik) - Feminine Singular Nouns