Use this preposition in the following situations:
Giving the hour of an event
Use when giving a specific clock hour (e.g. 5:00, 12:30).
Vocabulary list
Example sentences
Before specific parts of the day when giving time
o is used with several parts of the day (not all of them).
Parts of the day
Example sentences
When specifying the topic of something
Use it to introduce the topic of thought, dreaming, writing, a movie, a book, etc.
The topic must be in
Locative Case.
List of verbs
Example sentences
zapomnieć o(forget about) With verbs expressing seeking or striving for something
Use it with verbs that mean someone is trying to obtain something.
The thing after
o, must be in
Accusative Case.
List of verbs
Example sentences
rywalizować o(compete for) bić się o(fight for, fight over) kłócić się o(argue about) starać się o(make an effort, look for, apply for) zabiegać o(strive for, seek, lobby for) With verbs expressing concern or care about something
Use it with verbs that express concern or care about something.
The thing after
o, must be in
Accusative Case.
List of verbs
Example sentences
martwić się o(worry about) troszczyć się o(care about) dbać o(take care of, care for) Introducing an object that something physically hits or touches
Use
o with verbs that express physical contact with a surface or object.
After
o, put the surface or object in
Accusative Case.
List of verbs
Example sentences
opierać się o(lean against) zahaczyć (się) o(catch on against) zaczepić (się) o(catch on against) rozbić się o(crash against, shatter against) ocierać się o(rub against) Expressing the amount of difference
Use
o to express the amount by which something exceeds, falls short of, or differs from a reference point.
In English this is often expressed with
by.
The amount must be in
Accusative Case.
Example sentences
Introducing a defining characteristic or attribute of a noun
Use
o to introduce a characteristic such as size, weight, title etc.
In English this is often expressed with
of.
The characteristic must be in
Locative Case.
Example sentences
In the phrase "chodzi o / chodziło o"
chodzi o / chodziło o is an idiomatic expression and it doesn't have a direct translation in English. The closest translation would be "to be about". It is used to talk about:
- what something is about
- what someone means by something
- what is the point of something
Use chodzi o for present tense and chodziło o for past tense.
The form of the verb is impersonal. In order to indicate the "recipient" of the action you must add a personal pronoun in Dative Case. You can see it in the examples below (Ci, mi, nam, im).
This phrase is quite popular in Polish, so it's worth learning it.
Example sentences
In the phrase "O ile..."
O ile(as far as) introduces a clause expressing uncertainty or limited knowledge. It is used to express doubt, uncertainty, or caution.
There are two sentence structures that you can use. The first one uses impersonal form wiadomo(is known). In order to indicate who "knows", you can optionally add a personal pronoun in Dative Case. The second structure uses conjugated verbs, so the subject is known.
Example sentences
Use this preposition in the following situations:
Giving the hour of an event
Use when giving a specific clock hour (e.g. 5:00, 12:30).
Vocabulary list
Example sentences
Before specific parts of the day when giving time
o is used with several parts of the day (not all of them).
Parts of the day
Example sentences
When specifying the topic of something
Use it to introduce the topic of thought, dreaming, writing, a movie, a book, etc.
The topic must be in
Locative Case.
List of verbs
Example sentences
zapomnieć o(forget about) With verbs expressing seeking or striving for something
Use it with verbs that mean someone is trying to obtain something.
The thing after
o, must be in
Accusative Case.
List of verbs
Example sentences
rywalizować o(compete for) bić się o(fight for, fight over) kłócić się o(argue about) starać się o(make an effort, look for, apply for) zabiegać o(strive for, seek, lobby for) With verbs expressing concern or care about something
Use it with verbs that express concern or care about something.
The thing after
o, must be in
Accusative Case.
List of verbs
Example sentences
martwić się o(worry about) troszczyć się o(care about) dbać o(take care of, care for) Introducing an object that something physically hits or touches
Use
o with verbs that express physical contact with a surface or object.
After
o, put the surface or object in
Accusative Case.
List of verbs
Example sentences
opierać się o(lean against) zahaczyć (się) o(catch on against) zaczepić (się) o(catch on against) rozbić się o(crash against, shatter against) ocierać się o(rub against) Expressing the amount of difference
Use
o to express the amount by which something exceeds, falls short of, or differs from a reference point.
In English this is often expressed with
by.
The amount must be in
Accusative Case.
Example sentences
Introducing a defining characteristic or attribute of a noun
Use
o to introduce a characteristic such as size, weight, title etc.
In English this is often expressed with
of.
The characteristic must be in
Locative Case.
Example sentences
In the phrase "chodzi o / chodziło o"
chodzi o / chodziło o is an idiomatic expression and it doesn't have a direct translation in English. The closest translation would be "to be about". It is used to talk about:
- what something is about
- what someone means by something
- what is the point of something
Use chodzi o for present tense and chodziło o for past tense.
The form of the verb is impersonal. In order to indicate the "recipient" of the action you must add a personal pronoun in Dative Case. You can see it in the examples below (Ci, mi, nam, im).
This phrase is quite popular in Polish, so it's worth learning it.
Example sentences
In the phrase "O ile..."
O ile(as far as) introduces a clause expressing uncertainty or limited knowledge. It is used to express doubt, uncertainty, or caution.
There are two sentence structures that you can use. The first one uses impersonal form wiadomo(is known). In order to indicate who "knows", you can optionally add a personal pronoun in Dative Case. The second structure uses conjugated verbs, so the subject is known.
Example sentences