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Cases (Przypadki)
Noun Declension
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Nominative Case (Mianownik)
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Instrumental Case (Narzędnik)
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Nouns Declension
Adjectives Declension
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Grammar

Terms Glossary
Cases (Przypadki)
Noun Declension
Adjective Declension
Nominative Case (Mianownik)
Genitive Case (Dopełniacz)
Dative Case (Celownik)
Accusative Case (Biernik)
Instrumental Case (Narzędnik)
Introduction
Usage
Nouns Declension
Adjectives Declension
Locative Case (Miejscownik)
Vocative Case (Wołacz)
Cases after Verbs
Cases after Prepositions
Tenses (Czasy)
Verbs (Czasowniki)
Nouns (Rzeczowniki)
Adjectives (Przymiotniki)
Pronouns (Zaimki)
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  1. Home
  2. Grammar
  3. Cases (Przypadki)
  4. Instrumental Case (Narzędnik)
  5. Introduction

Instrumental Case (Narzędnik) - Introduction

What is a Case?
The Instrumental Case (Narzędnik) is the fifth grammatical case in the Polish language.
This case expresses the means by which an action is performed.
Examples
Jadę pociągiem.- I'm going by train.
Idę z dziewczyną do kina.- I'm going to the cinema with my girlfriend.
Mieszam herbatę łyżką.- I'm mixing the tea with a spoon.
Often when there is a "with" or a "by" in an English sentence, it is translated into Polish using the Instrumental Case.

Interrogative words

Each case has its own interrogative words that it answers. The Instrumental Case answers (z) kim? and (z) czym?.
  • (z) kim?- refers to people.
  • (z) czym?- refers to things, animals, and abstractions.
The interrogative words of a case can be used to form questions about that part of the sentence. The following examples illustrate this concept.
Examples
(z) kim?
Spotkałem się z moją dziewczyną w parku.- I met my girlfriend in the park.
Z kim się spotkałem w parku?- With whom did I meet in the park?
(z) czym?
Mieszam herbatę łyżką.- I am mixing the tea with a spoon.
Czym mieszam herbatę?- With what am I mixing the tea?
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Instrumental Case (Narzędnik)

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Instrumental Case (Narzędnik) - Usage

Jarek Hajduk
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Noun Declension Book

Cases - Noun Declension

You can support my website and my Youtube Channel by buying my grammar book on Amazon. In that book I have clearly explained, how to create different forms of noun depending on the case, number, and gender.
After reading this book you will be able to decline any noun in the Polish language. This book also contains exercises with answers, which will help you practice what you learn.
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